Are the biggest contributors to volume in options. The market expects a bullish .

Are the biggest contributors to volume in options. The commonality remains strong even after controlling for the underlying stock market's liquidity and other liquidity determinants such as volatility. OCC has compiled data since 1973 and has tracked daily volumes since 2008, and numbers that would be considered spikes ten or even five years ago are more like a current-day new normal. Custom Scans provide users the ability to construct and save their own scans from a large number of datasets. Mar 22, 2021 · Single stock options volume by exchange Nasdaq exchanges held 37. Jul 22, 2022 · Here are the top five ETFs with the most liquid options. 25 billion contracts at end 2023 Open interest in interest rate futures and options rises 42% to 212 million contracts at end 2023 Double-digit increases in volume and open interest Question: Which market player is this? Drag the market player to the box below. 25 billion contracts at end 2023 Open interest in interest rate futures and options rises 42% to 212 million contracts at end 2023 Double-digit increases in volume and open interest View the latest option charts and visuals to help you make informed options trades. Technical indicators are used by options traders to analyze trends, volatility, volume, momentum and sentiment. Several common and advanced retail options strategies are scanned in real time. 6 days ago · Today's All US Exchanges Stock Volume Leaders: most actively traded stocks Jan 24, 2025 · The listed options industry has seen remarkable growth over the past five years, fueled by strong returns for U. The depth of the bid/offer, volume, and open interest are all essential factors to consider when evaluating options liquidity. 1 billion contracts Global futures and options open interest reaches record 1. Jan 19, 2024 · Surge in options trading on Indian exchanges main contributor to global increase Interest rate futures and options volume rose 18% to 6. Options exchanges play a key role in the facilitation of options trading by providing a platform for buyers and sellers of option contracts to execute trades. Apr 7, 2021 · Amidst the high volume, options quoted spreads (in bps) widened 21% from Q4 to Q1. The total option volume is also broken down by option type, so you can see the percentage of call options traded compared to the percentage of put options traded. Open Interest is the total number of open option contracts right now. Traders should compare high options volume to the stock's average daily Mar 31, 2025 · Agriculture, deforestation, and other land-use changes have been the second-largest contributors. This powerful tool provides traders with valuable insights into market sentiment, potential price movements, and overall trading activity. Get started asking, answering, and browsing questions about products like . If using this data in a published report, please cite Cboe Global Markets as the source. 5 days ago · Data as of 17:00 29/07/2025. Net, Azure, or Teams. Open interest in interest rate futures and options rises 42% to 212 million contracts at end 2023. Options flow captures the top 100 trades per underlying, with a trade size greater than 100 to eliminate the Trending Options Volume, powered by iVolatility, displays the top twenty stocks, indexes and ETFs which have the most traded options volume during the current market session. Discover five factors contributing to their surge and understand the potential implications for investors. The best indicator for option trading often depends on a combination of factors, and . Jan 6, 2025 · The Future of Liquidity in Options Trading Emerging Trends in Liquidity Options trading is evolving, with liquidity playing a central role. Jul 18, 2025 · Daily reports that show stocks and option contracts with unusual changes in open interest and high open interest. Yahoo Finance's list of highest open interest options, includes stock option price changes, volume, and day charts for option contracts with the highest open interest today Jul 15, 2025 · The Option Volume Leaders page shows equity options with the highest daily volume, with options broken down between stocks and ETFs. Are employed by "investment" or "sell-side" banks Portfolio Managers Retail Traders Sell structured equity products that often have complex over-the-counter exotic derivatives embedded Market Makers Proprietary Traders Drop Here High Frequency Traders Structured Equity U. Smaller firms and firms with Jul 11, 2025 · Options Implied Volatility ^ Options Implied Volatility Percentile ^ Options Implied Volatility Rank ^ Options Open Interest ^ Options Put Call Open Interest Ratio ^ Options Put Call Volume Ratio ^ Options Volume ^ Oscillator ^ Parabolic Time/Price Percent Change ^ Percentage Price Oscillator Percentage Volume Oscillator Pivot Points ^ Pivot Options Trading Statistics Every Trader Needs to Know Successful options trading is no simple feat. Most Active Stock Options - Discover Stocks and ETFs with the most option activity on the day The Option Volume Leaders page shows equity options with the highest daily volume, with options broken down between stocks and ETFs. Jan 20, 2024 · Surge in options trading on Indian exchanges main contributor to global increase Interest rate futures and options volume rose 18% to 6. 1 [Blu-ray] : Various Contributors, Various Contributors, Various Contributors: Movies & TV50 of some of the greatest Looney Tunes cartoon are together for their debut on Blu-ray! This collection is derived from the original negatives and the shorts have been digitally restored and remastered. Average daily options volume has grown from 20 million contracts in 2019 to 58 million The Option Volume Leaders page shows equity options with the highest daily volume, with options broken down between stocks and ETFs. Knowing what the options trading landscape looks like—and what you’re up against —is a must. Question: Are the biggest contributers to volume in options markets and are essential for creating liquidity The description states that this market player is the biggest contributor to volume in options markets and is essential for creating liquidity. Please note: The Daily Volume and Open Interest Report is released at the end of each trading day and is a preliminary report. Apr 22, 2022 · Discover the critical differences between options volume and open interest and how they impact options pricing and liquidity. May 2, 2025 · Explore the essential role of market makers in financial markets, their strategies, and how they influence liquidity and prices. Market Makers are the biggest contributors to volume and turnover in the option markets. Trading volume on an option is relative to the volume of the underlying stock. These contracts capture intense market interest and can provide valuable insights for investors. Table 1. One such critical indicator is the barchart options volume. Global futures and options open interest reaches record 1. Interest rate futures and options volume rose 18% to 6. In Jun 24, 2025 · Amazon. com Yahoo Finance's list of most active stock options, includes option price changes, volume, and day charts for the option contracts with the highest trading volume today Stock Options Volume Leaders The most bought and sold stock options of the previous day, sorted by volume. Retail Traders. option exchanges. Jul 22, 2025 · Largest derivatives exchanges worldwide 2022-2023, by ETDs volume Daily options turnover value in the U. Free Equity option quotes, stock option chains and stock options news Dec 31, 2021 · Overall breadth of option trading increased in 2021 with 69% of the total volume trading in the top 100 listings, a change from 2020 when the top 100 was 73% of the flow and a significant widening from 2018 when 77% of the volume was top 100. Seeing what option strikes large institutional traders are buying or selling can provide both directional sentiment and volatility insights for the underlying security. Jul 12, 2024 · Still, options trading has become so popular over the last few years, and trading volume superiority alternates between both markets. Knowledge Check Which market player is this? Drag the market player to the box below. market) or top 200 symbols (Canadian market) with the highest total option trading volume for the day. See a list of Highest Implied Volatility using the Yahoo Finance screener. This trend is even more pronounced for trading we determine to be retail (Chart 3). Jul 23, 2024 · ? Retail Traders Which market player is this? Drag the market player to the box below. As Cboe Global Markets, total volume across Cboe's four options exchanges was 3. Analyze trade quantity, volume, and customer origin data to optimize strategies and gain valuable market sentiment insights. Are the biggest contributors to volume in options markets and are essential for creating liquidity Which market player is this? Question: IC Knowledge Check ? . The rankings are a good overview of the top stories driving the stock market at those times (and a reminder of survivorship bias). Portfolio Managers Retail Traders Are the biggest contributors to volume in options markets and are essential for creating liquidity Provide prices they are prepared to buy and sell an option at nding O. Feb 1, 2010 · This study examines option market liquidity using Ivy DB's OptionMetrics data. See full list on optiontradingtips. Traders should compare high options volume to the stock's average daily Sep 18, 2020 · Globally, we emit around 50 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases yearly. While posted notional size took longer to recover from pandemic lows, it increased 60% in Q1 from Q4, recording the largest posted value since we began tracking the metric in 2019. You can get started for free to get the latest data. Jul 8, 2025 · Market makers maintain volume and liquidity in financial markets, including the options market. The home for technical questions and answers at Microsoft. May 28, 2024 · Stay Informed on TOP's most active options, leaves, calls and PUTs. NOTE: Any questions about this data may be directed to the Cboe Trade Desk at (913) 815-7001. (For full list of the top 20, see the table at the end of the article. Volume and open interest offer deeper insights into market sentiment and liquidity. market for exchange-listed equity option contracts was headed for another year of record-breaking trading volume in 2024 - its fifth in a row, according to data from the Options Clearing Bitcoin and Ethereum options data charts, including options contract prices, trading volume, open interest, maximum pain price, historical volatility, implied volatility, and other indicators. Oct 1, 2019 · The map for 2017 shows the large inequalities of contribution across the world that the first treemap visualization has shown. 01% of all emissions over the last 266 The 10 Most Liquid Options The skewedness of instruments is even more pronounced in the top 10 most actively traded options. The current, most actively traded options on the Cboe Options Exchange. Hold a small account, using their own money to trade options for financial gain or to hedge their current holdings Have low risk tolerance compared to financial Volume and open interest reports for CME Group futures and options contain monthly and weekly data available free of charge. 3%, Explore major stocks and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) with heavy options volume to get a sense of the most popular and most liquid securities with active options contracts. 2 days ago · "Net Option Premium" is calculated by multiplying the execution price of each transaction by the contract quantity times the shares deliverable. equity investors and innovations among exchanges, brokerages and service providers. The second most popular index by options volume is the VIX (CBOE Volatility Index), although it lags behind the S&P500 by a wider margin than it used to. Most active options refer to the options contracts experiencing significant trading volume on a given day. Get comprehensive analysis and performance insights on the top contributors at NiftyTrader. Today’s most active Index options – call options and put options with the highest daily volume Jul 23, 2024 · 1. Options Market Volume Summary Today Download this day as CSV Download Last 30 Trading Days Net Option Premium Summary Volume Summary Yahoo Finance's list of most active stock options, includes option price changes, volume, and day charts for the option contracts with the highest trading volume today Jan 2, 2025 · Top 3 Stocks Seeing a Spike in Call Option Volume January 02, 2025 — 07:15 am EST Written by Gabriel Osorio-Mazilli, MarketBeat Contributor for MarketBeat -> Discover the Stock options with the highest total open interest, including separate figures for Put/Call Open Interest, as well as the Put/Call Open Interest ratio. The Option Volume Leaders page shows equity options with the highest daily volume, with options broken down between stocks and ETFs. Question: Knowledge Check ? 2 Which market player is this? Drag the market player to the box below. banks 2006-2023 Apr 13, 2023 · What options have been driving the increase in overall activity? Each day, the options market trades around 40 million contracts. Access comprehensive options market data from Nasdaq's six exchanges. 25 billion contracts at end 2023 Open interest in 2 days ago · Data as of 17:21 01/08/2025. Jul 11, 2025 · Stock Option Volume Screener Report Date: Data is delayed from July 11, 2025. 10 Highest-Volume Days in US Options August 2, 2024: 72,625,891 November 15, 2024: 70,856,016 February 2, 2023 3 days ago · Market Chameleon's Unusual Option Volume Report shows symbols that have unusually high option volume for the current day. This 3-disc collection contain some of Warner Bros Oct 10, 2023 · CAGAYAN DE ORO, Philippines ― An international study on plastic pollution has shown that the Philippines is the world’s leading contributor to plastic pollution in the oceans, with an average 2 days ago · Assessing the volume and open interest is a strategic step in options trading. Most Active Index Options The Indexes with the highest total option trading volume during the current trading session. Find Intraday stocks, Stocks for Intraday today, Intraday Stocks for tommorow, Intraday stocks today, breakout stocks, Top gainers, Long buildup, Nifty Option, Stock market today, Intraday scanner CNBC’s “Options Action” vaults you into the fastest-growing corner of the markets. Access detailed options trading data across all 6 Nasdaq exchanges. Open Interest is updated daily at market open. Create your own screens with over 150 different screening criteria. The firm is the largest market maker in options in the U. 7 billion contracts in 2023, the fourth It stands to reason that selling options with a high option premium will generate the most income. Dec 31, 2024 · The U. com: Looney Tunes Platinum Collection Vol. The USA has emitted the most to date: more than a quarter of all historical CO2 — twice that of China, which is the second largest contributor. In contrast, most countries across Africa have been responsible for less than 0. The table conveniently groups stock, ETF and index options into a single list, providing a snapshot of what's moving, call and put volumes and implied volatility metrics. Today’s top options with the highest change in open interest from the previous trading day Jul 9, 2025 · Daily reports that show stocks and option contracts with unusual changes in open interest and high open interest. 3M ADV in 2021 was nearly 10M more than in 2020 and double the ADV in 2019). Portfolio Managers Retail Traders Are employed by quot;investment quot;or quot;sell-side quot;banks Sell OPTIONS MARKET STATISTICS Nasdaq operates a suite of six options trading platforms to meet different trading needs. Most Active Options ranks stocks with the highest total option trading volume for the day, also available for ETFs and Indices. Short-dated options share more than tripled to 26. 8% over the same period. [1] Emissions of non-CO 2 greenhouse gases (CH 4, N 2 O, and F-gases) have also increased significantly since 1850. Market participants are increasingly focusing on liquidity metrics like trading volume and bid-ask spreads to make informed decisions. Get real-time feeds, analytics, and historical data to power your trading decisions through reliable APIs. hours) Show entries Intraday screener is Realtime stock screener. May 16, 2025 · In terms of option trading, volume is the number of option contracts traded in a given period of time. Many traders focus solely on price charts, ignoring critical metrics that reveal what’s happening behind the scenes. Portfolio Managers Retail Traders Which market player is this? Drag the market player to the box below. We establish convincing evidence of commonality for various liquidity measures based on the bid–ask spread, volumes, and price impact. You can also find current volume numbers, as well as find out with symbols might have important upcoming events that are affecting the Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which market player consists of participants that use markets/financial assets to achieve economic goals?, What are 4 examples of buy side financial entities?, Which financial market player represents the end users of financial markets who have a whole industry that helps them trade? and more. Volume is the total number of option contracts bought and sold for the day, for that particular strike price. Are traders that act on behalf of a financial institution that manages clients' money Stay updated with the latest information on Options Market including Flow, GEX, Greeks, Unusual Contracts and more. Investors can check if most active call options align with bullish views or put options with bearish views. Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), United States - Largest options exchange in the world with an average daily volume of 17 million contracts. The Options Change in Open Interest page highlights contracts with the largest daily increase in Open Interest. An unusual spike in volume, particularly in options markets, can often precede large moves in stock prices. S. ” Drag the market player to the box below. Jan 24, 2022 · Multi-list options broke nearly all volume records in 2021, driven by the growth of retail participation: daily records (24 of the top 25 volume days of all-time came in 2021), monthly ADV records (April was the only month from 2021 not in the top 12 all-time), and yearly ADV records (37. Join John Rowland, Barchart’s Head of Trading Education, as he helps you understand the difference between what could be "unusual options activity" and what is just a unique event. Traders should compare high options volume to the stock's average daily Knowledge Check Which market player is this? Drag the market player to the box below. rank symbol avg_daily_volume etf_name 1. We provide detailed market analysis and insights. . An option premium is the intrinsic value plus the time value of The highest daily volume options report showcases the most bought and sold options of the day. Jun 16, 2025 · The Ukraine Support Tracker lists and quantifies military, financial and humanitarian aid promised by governments to Ukraine. May 7, 2024 · Dive into the world of options trading with our comprehensive guide on options volume vs open interest. VIX options trading volume has fluctuated around 500-700 thousand daily contracts in the last 10 years, while SPX options volume tripled in the same period. But which stocks have the highest option premium? And what exactly defines an option premium? As of this writing, the list of stocks with the highest option premium includes Mercadolibre, Netflix, Tesla, Shopify, Alibaba, and others. Among individual US options exchanges, Nasdaq PHLX held the biggest share with just under 13. 1 billion contracts. We divide the page into three 2 days ago · Discover the latest information on today's most active stock options, featuring high-volume trading activities. Apr 21, 2025 · Options Volume Profile Introduction Unlock institutional-level options analysis directly on your charts with Options Volume Profile - a powerful tool designed to visualize and analyze options market activity with precision and clarity. Your use of Cboe Most Active Data is subject to the Terms and Conditions of Cboe's Websites. Dec 5, 2024 · Notably, seven of the ten biggest-ever volume days have been in 2024, with the other three in 2023. Highest implied volatilty options highlights strikes with an elevated implied volatility reading, which means the market anticipates a large price swing. Equity Options Volumes (contracts in 000's)Download CSV Most Active ETF Options The ETFs with the highest total option trading volume during the current trading session. In the second quarter of 2019, these 10 options represented 67% of total trading volume for the US options market. The data includes volume from the CBOE group of options exchanges (CBOE, BATS, C2, EDGX). Options volume shows the total number of option contracts traded at each strike price and expiration on that day. Options traders who thrive regardless of market conditions are those who get an edge everywhere, including staying on top of the latest trends. Are employed by "investment" or "sell-side" banks Portfolio Managers Retail Traders Sell structured equity products that often have complex over-the-counter Slideshow - The 15 Most Active Call & Put Options of the S&P 500 Components, from Stock Options Channel Jan 18, 2024 · In 2023, we saw a surge in options volume, setting yet another record. Symbols must have a last price greater than 0. What is the largest options market in the world? Options Clearing Corporation is a United States clearing house based in Chicago. Are the biggest contributors to volume in options markets and are essential for creating liquidity Provide prices they are prepared to buy and sell an option at ack Cons? anding Market Makers Proprietary Traders Drop Here High Speculators vs HedgersMarket Makers. A high put call volume ratio reflects bearish sentiment, while a low ratio reflects bullish sentiment, as more calls were bought than put options. Jun 28, 2025 · Understanding Barchart Options Volume: A Crucial Trading Metric In the dynamic world of options trading, understanding and interpreting key metrics is essential for making informed decisions. Open interest is the number of options contracts currently open and being held by traders at each strike and expiration date. 25 billion contracts at end 2023. View option trading volumes for most recent session compared to 90 day average and underlying stocks with highest volume imbalance between calls and puts. 2% of single stock options volume in February 2021, by far the biggest market share and virtually unchanged from its market share last year. Based on the latest FIA data through the end of September, US options markets are on pace to 10 billion contracts traded for the first time ever. See also most active stocks and indices by options volume. Market Makers Proprietary Traders Drop Here High Frequency Traders Structured Equity Traders 14 mins ago Question: biggest contributors to volume in options markers and are essential for creating liquidty We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Yahoo Finance's list of most active stock options, includes option price changes, volume, and day charts for the option contracts with the highest trading volume today The Option Volume Leaders page shows equity options with the highest daily volume, with options broken down between stocks and ETFs. Sep 13, 2024 · Learn about options trading, how it works and five basic option strategies. These metrics shed light on the liquidity and investor interest in Zoetis's options at specified strike prices. In that time, total trading volume has more than doubled. The increased posted size was across a vast majority of symbols rather than concentrated in a small subset. Yahoo Finance's list of top options gainers, includes stock option price changes, volume, and day charts for option contracts posting the highest gains today Find out which stocks are driving the Nifty 50 Index today. It specializes in equity derivatives clearing, providing central counterparty clearing and settlement services to 16 exchanges. Understand the key differences. Traders should compare high options volume to the stock's average daily Nov 30, 2021 · Takeaways: Stock volume represents the total number of shares traded that day. Nov 11, 2024 · Technical indicators for options trading provide insights into market conditions to help traders identify optimal entry and exit points for trades. Volume details prior to 2011 exclude proprietary products and other index option volume. 3% from 7. Jan 4, 2024 · Options trading volume has been growing continously. Explore market trends, analyze trading volumes, and make informed investment decisions based on the most active options available. The flow of the options market would go stagnate if not for the work of market makers. Dec 4, 2023 · The rise in retail trading happened at the same time as the rise in short-dated options. Sep 20, 2024 · Learn about methane emissions from landfills, how landfill gas is collected and treated, and the types of landfill gas energy projects. 3 days ago · Top Scans, such as High Options Volume and Exploding IV30s, provide the most commonly searched for options market scans. This indicator bridges the gap between technical price action and options flow, giving you a comprehensive view of market sentiment through the lens of options Analyze live options flow to anticipate and gauge market sentiment. That’s up from 15 million in 2010 and less than 2 million in 1999. Specifically, 56% of all retail options volume is now in options with five or fewer days to expiry, compared to about 35% in November 2019. The market expects a bullish The Most Active Options page highlights the top 500 symbols (U. For instance, if a market maker is accumulating a significant position in call options, it may signal their anticipation of an upward price movement. Proprietary Are the biggest contributors to volume in options markets and are essential for creating liquidity Provide prices they are prepared to buy and sell an option at Market Makers who: Are traders that act on behalf of a financial institution that manages clients' money Are associated with pension funds and asset managers Portfolio Managers The Most Active Options page highlights the top 500 symbols (U. They play a critical function in enforcing rules and regulations, ensuring fair and orderly markets, standardizing contract terms and improving transparency through price and volume Jul 25, 2025 · Last updated 2025-07-25 Top 10 Stock Options By Volume Most Active US Stock Options By Volume Last updated 2025-07-25, (Data is delayed in normal mkt. These advancements have reduced friction, expanded use cases and attracted new participants to the market. " Feb 12, 2025 · Options trading activity has soared since 2019 as more retail and institutional traders started participating in the market. Oct 31, 2022 · In 2022, US equity options trading volume is going strong – and, based on current forecasts, appears to be charging towards yet another record year. -listed equity options volume. An increase in the percentage change in Open Interest indicates the opening of new positions, while a decrease indicates closing positions. Call Options Volume and Put Options Volume are the number of Call and Put contracts respectively. Average Daily Volumes for 10 Most Liquid Options, Q2 2019 Source: The Options Clearing 3 days ago · We use the Most Active Options list to find popular options trading opportunities: Total Options Volume is the number of completed options trades today. Jul 18, 2025 · Total volume list ranks the underlying security according to the total volume for all options contracts (across all expiration dates) traded during the current session. Who are the largest option market makers? Market makerIn 2015, Barron's ranked Citadel Securities #1 in providing price improvement for investors in both S&P 500 and non-S&P shares. , executing about 25 percent of U. Analyze key data such as option volume, open interest, max pain, implied volatility, and probabilities. SPY = 2,806,621 = SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust 2. We divide the page into three Jul 20, 2024 · "Volume Analysis: One of the primary indicators of market maker activity is trading volume. 2021-2024, by exchange Outstanding value of derivatives held by U. Yahoo Finance's list of highest implied volatility options, includes stock option price changes, volume, and day charts for option contracts with the highest implied volatility today Total volume list ranks the underlying security according to the total volume for all options contracts (across all expiration dates) traded during the current session. Open Interest is the total number of open option contracts that have been traded but not yet Most Active ETFs by Options Volume The following table shows top 100 ETFs by average daily options volume. Fidelity offers quotes and chains for single- and multi-leg option strategies as well as other essential research tools and resources for new and experienced option traders. Jan 19, 2024 · Surge in options trading on Indian exchanges main contributor to global increase. Globally, greenhouse gas emissions continued to rise across all sectors and subsectors, most rapidly in the transport and industry Most Active Stock Options The stocks with the highest total option trading volume during the current trading session. ) Jul 8, 2024 · Knowledge Check ? 2 Which market player is this? Drag the market player to the box below. Get the most current trading insights on TOP Financial Group Limited Ordinary Shares (TOP) with Nasdaq. Explore options data analysis from exchanges such as Deribit, Binance, Bybit, CME, and more. 2 days ago · Market Chameleon's Implied Volatility Rankings Report shows a detailed set of data for stocks, comparing their current implied volatility to historical levels. CME Group releases official data in the Daily Bulletin the following morning. 10. Today’s Stock highest 1-month options volume change – the highest change in total options volume for the current trading session. Apr 4, 2023 · Concluding Thoughts In conclusion, liquidity is a crucial aspect of the options market, and understanding how to measure and evaluate it is important for options traders. You can find symbols that have currently elevated option implied volatility, neutral, or subdued. Higher volume underlying are easier to fill. With guidance from industry experts, it demystifies the daunting terminology and simplifies strategies Barchart’s Options Flow page highlights large option trades that are transacted across all U. Where do these emissions come from? We take a look, sector-by-sector. An elevated implied volatility can be preferred for covered calls, naked puts or credits spread to take advantage of an inflated options premium. The following are top 15 most active stocks by options volume in individual years since 2008. U. They also provide prices they are prepared to buy and sell an option at. Mar 20, 2025 · Trading options isn’t just about predicting price direction—it’s about understanding market behavior. Jan 22, 2024 · Surge in options trading on Indian exchanges main contributor to global increase Interest rate futures and options volume rose 18% to 6. prjdofyh fxqo efnimm jpqoc moephdim vutku cibtv loz bhgk czdsi

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